Improvement in hay-loaders



3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. W. & E. SMALL.

HAY-LOADER. v110,177,893, Pmennealmay 23,1875.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J.` W. & E. SMALL.

HAY-LOADER.

Patented. May 23,1876.

Qi f l UNITED StatutesV JAMES WV. SMALL AND EDWARD SMALL, OF'AURRA,ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT |N HAv-LoADERs.

Specification formingpart of Letters Patent No. 177,893, dated May 23,1876; application filed i November 8, 1875.4

clare that the following is a full, clear, and

exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making a part of thisspecilication, in which- Figure. l is'aperspectiveview of our improved hay-loadin g machine ready for use, exgcept that itis not attached to a wa gon. Fig. 2 is a vertical centralsection upon the line of draft. Fig. 3fis a plan view of a` portion ofthe main o1 principal frame, showing the means by which thesame issuspended to the axle, the clutcband lever for operating thesame, thecoil-spring, and hub `of wheel., Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a toothof the` revolving rake, with aV section of the arm,showin`g the methodof fastening the former-to the latter. Fig. 5 is a perspective view ofthe revolving rake, showing the drum and attachments for operatingthesame; and Fig. 6 is an enlarged. side elevation and cross-section of theside` rails of the main or principal vframe and stands, showing themeans-employed for renderingthe carrier-frame vertically adjustableto'suit the height of'` the load, and for secur- I ing the same inposition.`

Letters of like nameand kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.

The object of our invention is the production of a machine that shallenable the farmer to complete vthe process of haying with machinery bytaking th-e hay from the ground after ithas been cured and loading itupon a wagon; and it consists,l principally, in the means employed fortripping the Arevolving rake-heads, substantially as and for the purposehereinafter shown and described. Itcon sists, further, in the meansemployed for adjusting the carrier-frame, and securing the same inposition, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown andsetv forth. 1t consists, further, in the manner cf constructing andarranging the wheel-hub and clutch, substantially as and for the purposehereinafter shown and described. It consists,-fur ther, in theconstruction and arrangement of l the supporting-guides for the carrier,substantially as and for the'purpose hereinafter shown and described. Itconsists, further, inthe construction and arrangement of the frames, andtheir combination with each other, substantially as and for'the purpo` ehereinafter lshown, described, and set forth; `and it consists, finally,in` the manner of constructing the 4shanksof the rake-teeth,substantially as `and for the purpose hereinafter shown and described.

In` the annexed drawings, A and A reprelsent theside: rails of the mainor principal iframe, which is preferably constructed of ,'wood. Theyareconnected at their forward ends With across-bar, A', by being framed to-:gether in the usual manner. For the purpose -of giving additionalstrength tothe framea Isecond cross-bane, is provided and placed underthe side rails and to therear o f cross. ba'r A', as shown in Figi 2,and the lsame'is :firmly secured in` position by being bolted to theside rails A and A. The tongue a is :framed into the crossbar a, and is.bolted to -jtheunder side of the crossbar'A, leaving the br-aces of thesame to be applied as may be desired.V The side rails B and B of thecar- 1 rief-frame are pivoted to short upright stands, lfor the purposeof enabling the carrier to be adjusted vertically, and said stands arefast.

ened to and secured upon the main frame by means of bolts and nuts-in`the manner indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. Y The advantage of thuspivoting the side rails B B to the Vmain or principal frame is that incase of repairs the entire carrier-frame can be more easily removed than'where the same is pivoted to and upon the axle, and it also enables thehub of theiwheel-to be made longer, and, consequently, gives the same anincreased bearing and wearing surface upon the axle. The side rails BandB are connected together by means of two cross-bars, B and.

B', framed and pinned in the usual manner. Near the outer ends of therear cross-bar B are provided two stands, b and b, that are framed intoand secured upon the `upper side of the former, and furnish a supportfor the rear end of the upper carrier-guidesb and bf, said guides beingsecured in position at their forward ends by dowcling the same to. the

- cross-bar a.

2 nasce cross-bar B', and at their rear ends by screwingthem fast to thestands b and b. The for. ward end of the carrier-frame is supported andrendered adjustable by means of stands C and C, thel lower ends of whichare slotted vertically, and notched horizontally, to corre spo'nd withblocks or ledges thatare fastened to and secured upon the side rails Aand A near their forward ends, and in line horizonzally with the same,and a b olt passing through the slot of the stand Gand side rail Asecures the former to the latter, as shown in the enlarged view. Fig. 6.Said supports are pivoted at their upper ends to the side rails B and Bof the carrierframe, as shown in Fig. 3.r

The` advantage ot' pivoting the stands G G at their uppereuds, andarranging the adjusting device' at their lower'ends, is that, as theload of hay increases in height, and it becomes necessary to raise theforward endof the carrier-frame, the operator is enabled to doitstanding upon the ground, instead of climbing a ladder, as he must do incase the saidst-ands are pivoted at their lower ends, and

the adjusting device is placed at their upper ends..

The lower carrier-guides C' and C' are provided at their rear ends withpivoted dowelpins, the lower ends of Which latter are tted loosely'toholes provided for .the purpose in Said guides are slotted at theirupper ends, and are secured to the stands b and b by bolting the formerto the latter through the slots, and thus rendering the formeradjustable. Two wheels, D and D, are constructed in the ordinary manner,except the hubs, which are preferably made of castiron, the projectingportions of which, upon the inside of the wheels, are turned round andparallel, and thus provide bearings for the movable parts of theclutches al' and d'.

It will be observed tha-t by this arrangement the hubs of said wheelsare enabled to be maded very much longer, rendering the wheel moresteady, without in any manner lessening .the room required for theclutches, or increas in g the distance between the wheels, neither is itnecessary to contract the framing.

The axle D' is preferably constructed of wrought-iron. The wheels D andD are journaled upon the same, and are secured inposi'- tion by means oflinchpins provided in the usual manner.

The side rails A and A. of the main frame are suspended under the axleD, yand are secured in position by means of two journal-box caps, d andd, preferably made of cast iron, placed over and partially encirclingthe axle, and are firmly bolted to the said side rails, and by thisarrangement all of the framing, as Well as all of the machinery, issuspended to and upon the axle between the wheels. The great advantagespossessed by thus arranging the framing and machinery between the Wheelswill, it is believed, be apparent, as the operator is enabled to removethe wheels or clutches for the purpose of oiling or repairs withoutremoving any portion of the framing, which latter must, of course, bedone in all cases where the whole or any portion of the framing ormachinery is attached to the axle outside of the wheels.

Two cast-iron flanges, E and E, are provided with radial arms, and aretirmly secured to and upon the axle D', adjacent to and between the siderails A and A, and as thus 4arranged vserve as a means t'or operatingthe revolving rakes E' and E. Near the outer ends of said wooden armsholes are provided in the same, through and int-o whichv t-he arms orshafts of the rakes E and E' are loosely fitted, and by this means thelatter are enabled to revolve. The curved rake-teeth. e and e arefastenedto, and secured upon, the arms or shafts E' andA E' by means ofthreaded screws and nuts cut upon the shanks of the former, 'as shown inenlarged views, Figs. et and 5.

The means employed to time the operation of the rahes and secure theirproper position consists in the trips F and F, which are firmly fastenedto the projecting ends of the arms or shafts E' and E', alternately uponeither end, and the tripping-blocks F' and F', which are fastened to andsecured upon the inner side of-the side rails-A and A, as shown inenlarged View, Fig. 5. Angle-ironsfandfare provided and secured to thewooden arms of the Han ges E and E, for the purpose of insuring thecorrect position of the rakes e and e after the trips F and F havepassed the point of contact with the tripping-blocks F and F'.

To insure the complete operation of the rakes.it has been f'oundnecessary to add to the weight of the trips F and F, near their outerends, and this is preferably accomplished by cutting away a portion ofthe wood, and filling the opening thus made with lead; and as suchincreased weight would have a tend` ency to cause the trips F and- F,and consequently the rake-teeth e and e, to assume a vertical positionbefore the former could come in contact with the tripping-blocks F' andF', and in order to prevent movement, a pin, f', is secured within oneend of each rakehead or shaft E', and extending radially outward from apoint directly opposite to the vteeth e and c, engages with a pin,f",that is secured within the inner face of the contiguons arm E, andextends horizontally inward froma point slightly in rear of the pivotalbearing of said rake-head between the same and the axle D'. cline torotate too far in the direction named, the pins f andf" will operate asstops, and prevent the derangement which would otherwise result.

The trips F F increase in width from the shaft outward to the end, andupon the forward edge, and near the outer end, they are cut away upon agradual curve that ends at the rear corner, as shown in Fig. 5.

The tripping-blocks F' F' are constructed in theform of a curved Wedge,and incline downward `and forward. The peculiar shape It', now, therake-headsin-l lwl'sea 3i given to said trips and tripping-blocks hasbeen found necessary, for the purpose of securing the correct positionofthe rakes at the time the greatest strain is put upon them from thetime they first come in contact withthe hay upon the ground until theformer is thrown upon the carrier, and their operation is as follows,viz: The 'rakes revolve in the direction indicated by the arrows uponthe radial arms in Fi g. 5. Very soon after the rake has passed over theupper center the hay is thrown upon the carrier, andthe teeth, occupyingnearly a vertical position, drop below the carrier-bands..

At the time that this particular rake is nearly upon theforward quarterof the circle that is described by the revolving rakes the trip isarrested by one of the angle-irons f f, and is carried around until thepoint of the curved portion of the` former is brought in contact with,and impinges upon, the point of the trippingblock on the forward side,and as the rake-drum continues to revolve the trip slides upward uponthe concave edge of the trippingblock until the point ofthe latter hasapproached sufficiently near the center or shaft of the former to causethe same to perform half a revolution instantly, bringing the raketeethat once in contact with the hay upon the ground, and at the saine timechanging the point of conta-ct of the trip and trippingblock by causing`the curved surface ofthe former to im pil-ige upon the rearward orconvex surface of the latter, and as the drum continues to revolve therake-teethl are, by the means above described, maintained in a radialposition until they have performed their otlice of gathering the hayfrom the ground and depositing it upon the carrier.

The carrier consists of two endless chains, G and G, passing over andpartiallyaround the arms or shafts of the revolving rakes at the rearend of them-achille, and over the carrier-roller G at the forward 'endof the 'carrierfranie Gross-bars g and g extend transversely from onechain to the other, and the former are secured to and upon the latter bymeans of staples, that are causedto pass through the links 'of thechains and cross-bars, and are clinched upon the outer side of thelatter. Small endless ropes g and g are passed over and par= tiallyaround the arms or shafts of the revolving rakes and carrier-roller, inline with the endless chains G and G, and said ropes are secured upon,and fastened to, the cross-bars g and g by means of staples driven into,and clinched upon, the inside of the former, thus completing thecarrier.

` Provision ism-ade for tightening the carrier and adjusting the tensionof the same by means of movable journal-boxes and screws H land H, thatare-secured to and upon the outer sides and vforward ends of side railsB and B, and enable the operator to give the carrier any tensionrequired.

In order to render said movable journalboxes and screws free from theobjections that are urged against devicesconstructed for similarpurposes, they are constructcdjand` arranged as follows, viz: Upon eachside rail of thecarrier-frame are fastened and secured `two angleirons,one at each end of the groove within which the journal-box slides. Toren- :der the journal-boxes steady and secure, the part that ts lintothe groove ofthe side rail is made long, and upon the outer side'. andnear the ends, two lugs are cast solid with each box, and these aretapped out to fit the ad- `justing=screw, said screw having a bearing atwith the endless chains, are. provided two side boards, h and h', forthe purpose of prevent-V ing the hay from falling off the carrier totheground while being conveyed to the wagon. They are secured Vto theVside rails B and B atA their forward ends by means of dowel-pins,

and rest upon, and are secured to, the stands b and'b by means ofstaples, as shown in Fig.` l. At their rear ends they are secured inposition by means of wrought-iron stands I'and l, that are pivoted tothe side rails A and A.

`At a point corresponding with said pivotedf -stands staples areprovided, a-nd secured t0 said side boards by being driven into thesame;

and clinched, and the former are fitted to` envcircle said stands I andI loosely.v Said side boards are provided at their rear ends with a pvertical enlargement, which experience has' shown to be necessary, forthe purpose of pre venting the' hay from falling off when first taken upby the rakes.

Two clutches, d and el', are provided, and' secured in position betweenthe wheels D and D and side rails A and A, the movable parts 'of whichare furnished with a bearing upon the projecting portions of the hubs ofwheels D and D. They are fitted to said hubs with: a spline and feather,in the usual manner, and are enabled to be moved to or from the face Vofthe hub by means of the lever Hf, and are caused to revolve with'I thewheels D and D. The immovable Yparts Aof clutches d and d are firmlykeyed to the axle D', and revolve y with the same.

For the purpose of taking up any lost mo-` tion that might exist betweenthe wheels and `movable parts of the clutches, coil-springs lb and h areprovided, and arranged as 'shown in Fig.` 3, enlarged view. They arecaused to encircle the inside projecting portion ot' the hubs of wheelsD and D, and exert an equal pressure upon said hubs and thel movableparts of clutches d and d.

`It is believed that the advantages affordedI by this construction andarrangement of the wheel-huband clutch render it superior to any now inuse, from the factthat it admits of a far greater length of wheel-hub,and, while the clutch is easily operated, it, as well as the A theclutch-levers Within their guards.

be observed that while going to or from the eld with the clutches thrownout of gear the raking portion of the machine is at rest. The

hay to be loaded is raked into windrows, ,and

the horses, wagon, and hay-loading machine are driven astride the same.The clutches are thrown into gear, thus Iconnecting the ral;- -ingmachinery with the wheels, and the horses started. Mot-ion is at oncetransmitted from the wheels tothe raking machinery; the lhay is gatheredfrom the windrows vby the Takes and conveyed to the carrier, by which itis carried to, and deposited upon, the wagon. As the load increases inheight, the carrierframe is raised at its forwardA end by means of thevadjustable stands of the carrier-frame.

As many men as can conveniently work upon the wagon are required to stowaway the hay as fast as it is brought up by `the carrier.

Should it be necessary to turn the machine around, or to back up,theclutchesshould be thrown out of gear, in order to prevent any accidentto the raking machinery. The saine care should be observed in going to.orreturning from the held.

By the use Vof our and extending radially outward from, thel journals oisaid heads, and having the forward edge of each formed upon -a curvedline.

from a point near its outer end tothe inter.- section of said end withthe opposite straight edge; the tripping-blocks F and F', constructed inthe form of a curved Wedge, and

secured upon the main frame, so as to engage with the curvedfront edgesof said trips; the angle-irons f and f, secured upon the rear side ot'each alternate arm E, and extending rearimproved `machine the' farmer isenabled to ,secure a greater amount of hay with a given amount of laborthan he ward and outward, .so as to limit the forward motion of saidtrips; and the pins f' and f', which are vsecured within and projectradially inward from, .each of said rake-heads, and engage with fixedpins f and'f, that project horizontally vinward from the arms E and E,

said parts being ,constructed and combined to operate in the order andfor the purpose specified.

2. In combinationwith the sidemails B B of the carrier-frame, which .arepivoted at `their ends to vor upon the main frame, the

stands G (Leach pivoted at its upper end to said Vside rails, yprovidedat vits lower end with a longitudinal'slot, o, `and a series oftransverse semicircular grooves, o c', that -are caused to engage with aledge, corresponding -w -ith y said grooves, J upon the UPJ flle 0f .therailsA A,fand firmly secured in posi-tion by ,a

,screwbola a', by means kof which said carrier- ;frame may be raised orlowered by a person standing upon the ground, vsubst?!n tially as andfor ,the lpurpose vshown and set forth. l

3, [n combination vwith the clutches d d and coilsprings 'l1/laasarranged, the inner projecting portions of the hubsY of the wheels D D,.to and upon .which `the movable portions of the said vclutches.arefitted, said projecting -portions of the hubs providing a bearing forsaid movable parts yof theclutchesyiil the inan.- nerand forthe purposesubstantially as vshown and described,

4. In combination with the :side rails B B and stands C U, thecarrierfguides C C', slotted at their forward ends, andsecured to IthestandsCU by means of a bolt and nut, and supported at their rear ends bymeans of a vertical doWel-pin or stand, the lower .end .of which latterv-is fitted Aloosely to `a hole .provided in :cross-bar a', while theupper end of said dowel-.pin or stand is pivoted to the rear end of.said carrier-guides C C', in the manner and for the purposesubstantially as shown and set forth. 1

,5, In combination `with Vthe side rails B B, the side boards `IL .IL/extending from the forward yend ofthe former to the rearend Aof therevolving Takes, and upon each side `of the carrier g g, and lprovidedat their rear ends withv an enlargement, in the manner 4and for thepurpose substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set-.our handsthis 28th day October, 1875.

JAMES W. SMALL. EDWARD SMALL.

Witnesses:

J. DENNEY., Jr., L. Tirswomn, Jr.

